Table of contents
Storage
The blocks should be laid on bastaings or pallets to avoid overhangs that could damage some of the blocks.
Blocks must be stored on level, clean ground to avoid soiling in the event of rain.
If it rains or if the blocks are stored for a long time, it is advisable to wrap them to prevent them becoming overweight during assembly (which can double in the presence of water) or in the presence of mud (not recommended for coatings). The presence of water will not facilitate cutting or gluing.
However, water has no impact on the quality of the wood/cement fibre. As the block is mineralised with lime, the wood is rot-proof.
Flow station
A cutting station will have to be adapted to the constraints of the site, to enable tracing, perfect cuts and gluing.
Several saws can be used, such as a hand saw (accurate but not very efficient), a sabre saw (fast but not very accurate) or a band saw (fast and accurate).
Hot-wire cutting is recommended for cutting insulation, to achieve the precision required for fitting joinery.
Block cutting
The cut must be as precise as possible to avoid thermal bridges and allow rapid assembly. The central part of the block should be removed to preserve the two ends of the block.
A number of tools can be used, such as a zag saw (accurate but lacking in efficiency), a sabre saw (fast, but precision will depend on the operator) or a band saw (preferred tool for the quality of the cuts and speed of execution).
Gluing blocks is recommended as soon as a block has been cut. This makes it possible to reconstitute the block into a single element after cutting, and it is also necessary to glue this block to the others to reinforce the whole.
Gable ends : For the top of the gables, gluing the blocks is also recommended. This ensures that the blocks are held in place when they are marked out and cut. In this case, the glue used could be wood glue.
Gluing
Gluing will enable the block to withstand the load of the concrete and also to hold in place while the walls are being erected. The two parts of the block will be glued together, and the adjoining blocks will also have to be glued.
PU glue (Kleiberit 501 Pu for example) is recommended for its various qualities, such as good resistance to heat, weather and particularly humidity. Clean, dry products should be glued in accordance with the adhesive manufacturer's recommendations.
Pouring concrete
To lay the blocks, it is advisable to reach 6 rows and make the first concrete pour. Immediately afterwards, repeat the second operation to reach slab level. There should be no pause between pours and no vibration directly on the blocks.
The recommended fluidity for concrete is "S4" with a grain size of 15/16 mm.
On average, an operator can build 2/3 m² of wall per hour (dry laying the block, adding the necessary reinforcement, filling the concrete walls). This can vary depending on the complexity of the façade (corners, openings, cut-outs).
If a complete floor is to be poured, we recommend applying a low-expansion foam polyurethane adhesive to each row of blocks. This adhesive should be applied horizontally to the inside and outside walls to prevent movement.
Base
Fixolite blocks should be used for basements (or basements) to avoid thermal bridges.
Window sills
All windows on the market are compatible with the Fixolite system.
Before fitting the window sill, insulation should be placed in the cavities of the block to avoid thermal bridges. The customer will supply, cut and glue these elements. To complete the insulation, the notches will also need to be filled. A thickness of 80 mm of Styrofoam insulation is recommended.
The window sills will be glued with PU adhesive. A bead will be applied to the wood fibre/cement assembly to ensure moisture and air permeability. A pump seal will complete the seal at the block/sill connection (inside).
Additional insulation will be added in front of the sill (on the inside) to complete the insulation. XPS is recommended for this additional insulation.
Openings
As the installation of joinery is recommended in tunnels, the joinery reservation plans (finished dimensions of the joinery) must be obtained (all manufacturers of openings provide this information). The blocks should be installed with the overall dimensions +10 mm to ensure watertightness. The same information should be requested for garage doors or other joinery.
Balconies
Thermal breaks must be used to limit thermal bridges.
Floors and slabs
All floors on the market are compatible with the Fixolite system. After cutting the blocks, the floor is positioned on the block wall.
The floor will be supported by props; under no circumstances should the blocks be used to support the floor before and during pouring.
It is also advisable to refer to the floor manufacturers' recommendations before installation (floor thickness, weight, etc.).
Swing shutters
Hinged shutters must be fixed to the concrete wall. The most common solution is to use chemically sealed threaded rods. However, it is advisable to follow the recommendations of the shutter manufacturer and use his materials.
The closure manufacturer should be informed of the thickness between the hinges and the concrete shell so that they can supply the appropriate materials.
Joinery
Fixolite blocks can be fitted with a wide range of fixings. Tunnel and rabbet fixing are the most common. There are several possible fixing systems: fixing from the concrete wall (recommended by the CSTB), fixing to the wood fibre/cement (density 510 kg/m3) or fixing into the insulation (by adding a stud).
Whatever the case, the recommendations of the opening manufacturers should be followed to ensure that the assembly is watertight and resistant.
Technical ducts
There are two possible solutions:
- In most cases, ducts (water or electricity) are positioned in the thickness of the concrete shell before casting. However, care must be taken to ensure that this does not affect the overall performance of the structure, and a concrete study should be carried out to validate this possibility.
- Fixolite blocks can also be grooved (after the concrete has been poured and dried) to allow technical ducts to pass through. Since Fixolite blocks do not add any mechanical strength to the structure, grooving can be considered. This method is mainly used on projects where the continuity of the concrete walls cannot be altered (acoustics, fire resistance, for example).
Coatings
Some coating manufacturers offer recommendations that have been tested on test sites. You should ask plaster manufacturers about the best solutions, which will take into account a number of factors, including geographical location (seaside, mountains, etc.) and the period during which the plaster is applied (frost, heat, rain or sunshine).
These recommendations also state that renderings must be reinforced on all facades. The type of reinforcement (PVC or steel) will be defined by the rendering manufacturers according to the type of rendering recommended.
Recycling
- Insulation: this should be separated from the wood fibre/cement and taken to a recycling centre. As the insulation is not glued, separation is quick and easy.
- Wood fibre/cement : As wood is mineralised with lime (a natural treatment), these elements can be stored with the rubble.